Jonas Gouraud

Aging and cognition

Data analysis for uncovering the influence of aging on cognition

Older adults improve their cognitive performance on a target task after succeeding on a prior task. We tested whether effects of prior-task success occur via changing older adults’ ability to select the better strategy and/or to execute strategies efficiently.

I was tasked with analyzing data in accordance with our hypothesis. Considering the amount of participants (160), I adopted ANOVA parametric test for statistical investigation, while always reporting error measure (mean squared error) and effect size (partial eta-square) to ease future comparison with other studies. I also investigated mediation of strategy use on the link between group and deviation from the correct answer. I chose the PROCESS algorithm (Model 4) within SPSS for his widely accepted robustness and the flexibility offered by the multiple models.

Both groups increased their performance on computational estimation following success on dot comparison. Older adults improved most and outperformed young adults following prior-task success. Prior-task success led older adults to select the better strategy more often, to repeat (or not) the same strategy more often when it was appropriate. Better strategy use mediated effects of prior-task success. Individual differences in baseline performance moderated individuals’ sensitivity to effects of prior-task success.

The present findings that age-related differences in cognitive performance and strategies are modulated by prior-task success have important implications on understanding and studying cognitive aging. Effects of prior-task success suggest that the influence of aging on cognitive processes does not occur independently of the situation in which these processes are executed. As a consequence, different conclusions can be drawn if effects of aging on a given set of processes are assessed without taking into account the context in which these processes are executed.

• Date: 2018, 5 months
• Initiator: Patrick Lemaire, CNRS
• Category: Data analysis

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Remote Tower

Definition of a working concept for Remote Towers in Air Traffic Management

Remote Tower concept is one of the key innovation topics in ATC. It is addressing cost issues at small and regional airports by applying a new operation concept and operate such airports from a remote tower centre. The main idea of such concept is to share controller resources between airports and enable controller to operate multiple airports in sequence or parallel mode.

In a first step the existing user interface concept which was developed for single remote tower shall be used as a baseline and shall be extended to enable switching mode operations between different remote airports from one working position. Therefore operational reference scenarios should be defined (by using SESAR OPS Concept and inputs from other ANSPs). Based on this reference scenarios an HMI mockup shall be created to enable validation of these scenarios. In an iterative process the concept shall be refined and feedback cycles from internal and external experts should be applied.

• Date: 2015, 5 months
• Initiator: Frequentis AG
• Category: Working Concept Conception

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R++, the next step

Conception and development of a next generation statistical software

R, an open source statistical processing software widely used, has a significant number of extensions to handle any data and use all the latest statistical tools, but offers only limited usability and austere Human-Machine Interface. The "R ++, the next step" project aims to build on the power and flexibility R to create a language similar but modernized (object concepts, parallelization, Big Data). In addition to the language, the R++ project aims to provide a software directly supported on the eponymous language, proposing a usable GUI, modern and pleasant.

Our role in this project was to design the interface of R++ software. Meetings with users gave us a complete understanding of the needs of researchers in statistics. Building on this solid foundation, we have listed a set of specifications covering all the needs of users and the client. We then designed a series of paper prototypes through brainstorming, quickly followed by a second integrating the graphics we developed. These prototypes were used to conduct usability tests. This done, we could think of the architecture of our software to program the last in the chosen language (Java accompanied by JavaFX graphics library).

• Date: 2014, 7 months
• Initiator: Christophe Genolini, INSERM
• Category: Software Interface Design and Development, Management

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Djnn & Smartwatch

Compiler programming and study on pilot possibles uses of smartwatches

The project was divided into three parts. First it was necessary to understand how the Pebble - chosen smartwatch - was functioning, and how to program with the Pebble library. The second part was to develop a compiler between a new interface oriented language - Djnn - and the Pebble library. Finally, the final part was to understand how smartwatches could be used to warn pilots during the flight.

• Date: 2014, 2 months
• Initiator: Stephane Chatty, LII
• Category: Software Programming, Interaction Study

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PPrWatcher

Conception and developement of a smartphone app for UAV safety pilot.

During the flight of a civilian UAV, safety operator is needed to regain control if an incident happens. This operator can sometimes be embarrassed to see the drone : masking object, UAV far away... This problem is a safety issue, for the drone and for people around.

Within Paparazzi UAV project, we designed a smartphone application to locate the drone and display information necessary for the decision. After gathering pilot needs, we decided to structure our app in 3 screens. First one allows overall view of UAVs, following Ben Shneidermann's creed "Overview first". The second displays smartphone's camera view with enhanced features showing UAV, to help locate them. The last screen sum up all flight data in a form close to Primary Flight Display system (used in all commercial airplanes).

I did this project with Juliette Rambourg, make sure to check her awesome website too !

• Date: 2014, 3 months
• Initiator: Gautier Hattenberger, UAV Laboratory
• Category: Software Programming, Interaction Study

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Race Game

Turn based game programming with its AI

As practical for ADA language schooling, We developed a turn based race game with a user interface and keyboard controls. We also programmed an AI with the Negamax algorithm, so that up to 8 human and computer players could play together.

• Date: 2014, 2 months
• Initiator: Jean-Baptiste Gotteland, ENAC
• Category: Software programming, AI programming

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Master IHM Website Revision

Design and development of a new version of ENAC Master IHM.

The HMI Master of ENAC and Paul Sabatier University is the only Master in France providing HMI schooling although being development oriented. It is well-known nationally and abroad (as example it is the first result on Google). This schooling has already a website up to date. However, acording to the deputy head Yannick Jestin, maintenance is difficult and design could be improved. He proposed us to conduct a revision of the website to better reflect the expectations of users and support the visibility of the master.

• Date: 2014, 2 months
• Initiator: Yannick Jestin, LII
• Category: Webdesign, Web development

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Student Aerospace Challenge

How to integrate a private spaceport into air traffic flow?

The Student Aerospace Challenge originates from the will of the aerospace industry and the student associations to tighten their ties by conducting a large scale federating project.

The Challenge proposed by the ACE allows the students to participate to the study of a suborbital spaceplane. This is a reusable vehicle which will reach Mach 3.5 and 100 km of altitude, the edge of space. The study of different aspects of the VSH project is proposed: propulsion, avionics, maintenance, legal aspects, etc. The students will work in close collaboration with the aerospace industry and are asked to produce innovating solutions. The students selected for the Student Aerospace Challenge will enjoy the privilege of participating to a large scale project which takes part in the present evolution of aerospace systems. This project exists since 2011 thanks to companies like Dassault, Airbus, Thales, Cosmica Spacelines and many others.

In this context, we developped the working package dedicated to airport and spaceport questions. We had firstly to study a suborbital flight model to define its impact on air traffic flow. On a second part, we listed all possible changes needed for a spaceport to operate suborbital spacecrafts (regulation, facilities, public reception). Thanks to those studies, we were able to search for an French airport likely to host such spaceport. We finally designed in 3D all facilities needed in a perfect scenario.

• Date: 2014, 2 months
• Initiator: Astronaute Club Européen
• Category: Webdesign, Web development

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